If we have purchased Autodesk Maya 2017 in Germany, are we also entitled to use the software in the United States?

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No, in general Autodesk software may only be used in the territory where the license was purchased. However, Autodesk may authorize you in writing to circumvent this rule.

Source: Autodesk License and Service Agreement 2017

License and Service Agreement_Autodesk 2017_de_as is 2017-01-12Download
License and Service Agreement_Autodesk 2017_en_as is 2017-01-12Download